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timer  for  Voters 


A.  G.  RANDALL 


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Primer  for  Voters 


A.  G.  RANDALL 


A  Primer  for  Voters  provides  reliable  and  concise  information 
regarding  registration,  the  process  of  voting,  elections,  etc.,  and  is  a 
publication  of  which  I  approve. 

J.  H.  ZEMANSKY,  Registrar  of  Voters, 
City  Hall,  San  Francisco. 


Primer  for  Voters  is  the  title  of  a  tabloid  book  on  civics  and  the 
art  of  casting  a  ballot.  .  .  .  While  it  is  a  manual  designed  chiefly 
to  instruct  women,  it  may  be  read  to  advantage  by  all  voters  and 
kept  as  a  book  of  reference. — The  San  Francisco  Call. 

A  Primer  for  Voters  is  short  but  extremely  comprehensive.  .  .  . 
As  a  first  aid  to  the  new  electorate  of  the  State,  the  book  fills  a  con- 
spicuous need. — The  San  Francisco  Chronicle. 

A  little  booklet  entitled  a  Primer  for  Voters  commends  itself  to 
the  average  voter.  It  is  a  paper-covered  brochure,  small  enough  to 
be  carried  conveniently,  but  compendious  enough  to  be  a  repository 
of  information  concerning  civil  government  and  any  directions  a 
voter  may  need. — The  San  Francisco  Evening  Post. 


COPYRIGHT  1911 

BY 

THE  BLAIR-MURDOCH  Co. 


On  Sale  at 
Book  Stores  and  News  Stands 


Trade  Supplied  by 

The  San  Francisco  News  Co. 

and 

Cunningham,  Curtis  &  Welch 
565  Market  St.,  San  Francisco 

260167 


CONTENTS. 

Page. 

(I)  Voting  in  California    5-8 

Those   Entitled  to  Vote 5 

Regulations   Regarding   Registration 5 

General  Directions  for  Voting  a  Ballot 7 

(II)   Elections  Held  Throughout  the  State  of  California.  9-10 
Presidential  and  Vice-Presidential  Election 10-11 

(III)  Departments  and  Officers  of  the  National  Govern- 

ment   12-17 

The  Election  of  United  States  Senators  and  Repre- 
sentatives   14-15 

(IV)  Government  Departments  and  Officers   of  the  State 

of  California   18-23 

The    Election    of    Senators    and    Members    of    the 
Assembly 20-21 

(V)   California  County,  City  and  Town  Elective  Officers. 24-25 

(VI)  San  Francisco  Municipal  Elections 26-27 

Municipal  Departments  and  Officers  of  San  Fran- 
cisco   28-37 

(VII)  The  Initiative   38 

The  Referendum   39 

The  Recall  39 

(VIII)  The  Congressional,  Senatorial,  Assembly,  Equaliza- 
tion, and  Judicial  Districts  of  California 41-45 

A  Sample  State  Election  Ballot 

A  Sample  San  Francisco  Municipal  Ballot 


I. 


VOTING  IN  CALIFORNIA  AT  STATE,  COUNTY, 
CITY,  AND  TOWN  ELECTIONS.1 

Those  Entitled  to  Vote. 

Citizens  of  the  United  States,  and  naturalized  citizens 
who  have  become  naturalized  ninety  days  prior  to  any 
election,  who  are  of  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  who 
have  been  residents  of  the  State  one  year  next  preceding 
the  election,  and  of  the  county  in  which  vote  is  claimed 
ninety  days,  and  of  an  election  precinct  thirty  days,  and 
who  have  conformed  to  the  laws  governing  the  registra- 
tion of  voters,  are  entitled  to  vote  at  any  election  held 
within  the  county,  city,  town,  or  district  within  which 
they  reside. 

Registration. 

To  be  entitled  to  vote  at  any  election,  registration  must 
be  made  from  the  precinct  in  which  the  Voter  resides  not 
later  than  thirty  days  before  the  day  of  the  election. 

City  registration  is  made  at  a  City  Registrar's  office, 
or  at  such  places  as  the  Election  Board  appoints.  County 
registration  is  made  at  the  office  of  the  County  Clerk,  or 
at  such  places  as  the  Election  Board  appoints. 

Registration  is  in  progress  at  all  times  except  during 
the  thirty  days  immediately  preceding  any  election. 

When  registered,  a  person  is  entitled  to  vote  at  any 
ensuing  election  without  re-registration,  provided  that 


1  Book  of  Reference:    "Registration  and  Election  Laws  of  California,"  pub- 
lished by  the  Board  of  Election  Commissioners  of  San  Francisco,  1911. 


residence  is  retained  within  the  precinct  from  which  regis- 
tration has  been  made,  and  provided  that  the  period  for 
a  new  registration  of  voters  has  not  begun. 

When  residence  is  changed  from  one  precinct  to 
another,  before  registering  from  the  new  precinct,  regis- 
tration from  the  former  precinct  must  be  cancelled. 

By  law,  a  new  registration  of  Voters  is  made  every 
two  years,  beginning  on  the  first  day  of  January  of  even- 
numbered  years.  Thus  persons  having  registered  in  1910 
and  1911,  in  order  to  vote  at  elections  held  in  1912  or 
1913,  must  register  after  the  first  of  January,  1912. 

Election  Precincts. 

Before  a  General  Election  the  Boards  having  control 
of  elections  in  counties  divide  the  counties  into  Election 
Precincts,  and  the  Boards  having  control  of  elections  in 
cities  divide  the  cities  into  Election  Precincts. 

Polling  Places. 

The  Boards  having  control  of  elections  before  an  elec- 
tion designate  a  place  within  each  Precinct  where  voting 
is  to  take  place. 

A  Voter  must  vote  at  the  appointed  Polling  Place 
within  his,  or  her,  Precinct. 


Directions  for  Voting  a  Ballot.1 

(1)  A  person  desiring  to  vote,  on  entering  the  Polling 
Place,   must  write  his,  or  her,  name  and  address  on  a 
Roster2  of  Voters  provided.3 

(2)  The  Voter  must  then  announce  his,  or  her,  name 
and  address  to  one  of  the  election  officers. 


(3)  Whereupon  the  Judge  announces  the  name  aloud 
to  an  officer,  who,  if  he  finds  the  name  on  the  Register, 
repeats  it  aloud,  whereupon  a  challenge  may  be  inter- 
posed.4 

(4)  If  no  challenge  is  interposed,  the  Judge  in  the 
presence   of   bystanders   compares   the   signature   of  the 
Voter  on  the  Roster  of  Voters  with  the  signature  on  the 
Register. 

(5)  The  Judge  then  gives  the  Voter  a  ballot,  and  the 
Clerk  writes  on  the  Register  opposite  the  name  of  the 
Voter  the  number  of  the  ballot  given. 

(6)  The  Voter  is  then  allowed  to  enter  the  place  en- 
closed by  the  guard  rail,  and  to  go  to  a  voting  booth. 

(7)  In  each  booth  there  is  provided  by  law  a  stamp 
marked  with  an  (X).      When  voting,  this  (X)  must  be 
stamped  in  the  voting  square  after  the  name  of  every 
candidate  for  whom  it  is  desired  to  vote.     A  candidate 
whose  name  is  not  printed  on  the  ballot  may  be  voted 
for  by  writing  his  name  in  the  blank  space  left  for  that 
purpose.    To  vote  for  a  person  not  on  the  ballot,  his  name 
must  be  written  under  the  title  of  the  office  in  the  blank 
space  left  for  that  purpose.     If  two  or  more  candidates 
for  the  same  office  are  to  be  elected,  an  (X)  must  be 
stamped  after  the  name  of  all  the  candidates  (not  exceed- 
ing the  number  to  be  elected)  for  whom  it  is  desired  to 
vote. 

(8)  In  case  of  a  question,  proposition,  or  constitu- 
tional amendment,  the  Voter  must  stamp  in  the  appro- 
priate  voting   square   an    (X)    opposite   the   answer   to 
be  made. 

(9)  Before  leaving  the  voting  booth,  the  ballot  must 
be  folded  in  such  a  way,  that  the  number  of  the  ballot  and 

1  Election  Laws,  pages  33,  34,  and  35. 

2  Roster,  i.  e.  list. 

8  If  unable  to  write,   the  Voter  must  have  his  or  her  name  written  on  the 
Roster  of  Voters  by  an  Election  Officer. 

*  A  person's  qualification  to  vote  may  be  challenged. 


the  endorsement  on  the  back  shall  appear  on  the  outside, 
without  displaying  the  marks  on  the  face. 

(10)  The  Voter  then  delivers  the  folded  ballot  to  the 
Inspector,  who  announces  the  name  of  the  Voter  and  the 
number  of  the  ballot. 

(11)  If   the   Judge    having   in    charge   the    Register, 
or  affidavits  of  registration,  finds  such  number  marked 
opposite  the  Voter's  name  on  the  Register,  or  affidavits 
of  registration,   he   repeats   aloud   the   number   and   the 
name  and  writes  opposite  the  name  the  word  "voted." 

(12)  The  Inspector  then  separates  the  slip  contain- 
ing the  number  from  the  ballot,  deposits  the  ballot  in  the 
box  and  destroys  the  number  slip.1 

Spoiled  Ballots 

If  a  ballot  is  wrongly  stamped,  torn,  or  defaced,  it 
must  be  returned  to  the  Judge,  who  will  give  a  fresh 
ballot.  Not  more  than  three  ballots  may  be  given,  one 
being  given  at  a  time.  If  a  ballot  is  not  voted  before 
leaving  the  voting  booth,  it  must  be  returned  to  the 
Judge. 

1  See  Sample  Ballot,  pages  46-47. 


II. 


ELECTIONS  HELD  THROUGHOUT  THE  STATE 
OF  CALIFORNIA. 

(Presidential,  Primary,  General,  and  Special  Elections). 

(1)  A  Presidential  Election  is  held  every  fourth  year 
on  the  first  Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  in  November. 

The  next  Presidential  Election  is  held  on  November 
5,  1912. 

(2)1  A  Primary  State  Election  is  held  on  the  first 
Tuesday  of  September  in  every  even-numbered  year  for 
the  nomination  of  candidates  to  be  voted  upon  at  the 
General  State  Election,  and  for  the  election  of  delegates 
to  Party  County  Conventions. 

(3)2  A  General  State  Election  is  held  on  the  first 
Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  of  November  in  every 
even-numbered  year  for  the  election  of  the  following: 
(1)  United  States  Representatives  (term  two  years),  (2) 
eighty  Members  of  the  Assembly  (term  two  years), 
(3)  twenty  State  Senators  (term  four  years). 

Every  fourth  year  at  a  General  State  Election  the  fol- 
lowing are  elected  to  serve  a  term  of  four  years :  A 
Governor^  Lieutenant  Governor,  Secretary  of  State,  Con- 
troller, Treasurer,  Attorney  General,  Surveyor  General, 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 

The  next  Election  for  a  Governor  and  for  the  foregoing 
State  officers  will  take  place  in  1914. 


1  This  election  is  held  according  to  the  provisions  of  the  Primary  Act  of  1911. 

2  A  popular  "Advisory  Vote"   for  U.   S.   Senator  is  cast  at  a  General  State 
Election,  see  page  15. 


9 


Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court,  Justices  of  the  District 
Courts  of  Appeal,  and  Judges  of  the  Superior  Courts  are 
also  elected  at  General  State  Elections.1 

Persons  in  order  to  have  their  names  placed  on  a  Gen- 
eral Election  ballot  must  be  nominated  as  candidates  at  a 
Primary  Election,  or  must  be  nominated  as  candidates 
by  means  of  a  nominating  petition  signed  by  a  required 
number  of  electors. 

(4)  Special  Elections. 

A  special  election  may  be  held  at  a  time  appointed  by 
the  Legislature  for  the  purpose  of  submitting  Proposi- 
tions, or  proposed  State  Constitutional  amendments  to 
popular  vote. 

A  Special  Election  may  be  held  at  a  time  appointed  by 
the  Governor  for  the  purpose  of  electing  candidates  to 
fill  vacancies  in  State  offices. 

A  Special  Election  may  be  called  for  the  Initiative,2 
or  for  the  Referendum,3  or  for  the  Recall.4 

PRESIDENTIAL  AND  VICE-PRESIDENTIAL 
ELECTION. 

The  United  States  Constitution  provides  that  the  Pres- 
ident and  Vice-President  shall  be  elected  by  the  vote  of 
chosen  Electors. 

Each  State  is  entitled  to  elect  as  many  Presidential 
Electors  as  it  has  Senators  and  Representatives  in  Con- 
gress.5 

Each  State  elects  its  entitled  number  of  Electors  on  the 
first  Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  in  November  every 
fourth  year. 


1  See  pages  22  and  23. 

2  The  Initiative,  see  page  38. 

8  The  Referendum,  see  page  39 
4  The  Recall,  see  page  39. 


8  At   the    Presidential    Election    in    1912    California,    being    entitled    to    eleven 
Representatives  and  two  Senators,  will  elect  thirteen  Electors. 

10 


The  election  of  Electors  is  called  a  Presidential  Elec- 
tion. 

The  Electoral  candidates  of  each  political  party  are 
pledged,  if  elected,  to  vote  for  National  party  candidates 
for  President  and  Vice-President.  Thus  the  political 
party  having  the  greatest  number  of  electoral  candidates 
elected  throughout  the  Country  at  a  Presidential  Election, 
has  won  the  election  of  its  candidates  for  President  and 
Vice-President. 

The  actual  voting  of  the  Electors  for  President  and 
Vice-President  has  become  a  mere  matter  of  form,  to 
comply  with  the  provisions  of  the  Constitution.  It  takes 
place  as  follows : 

Some  weeks  after  their  election  the  Electors  of  each 
State  meet,  on  a  day  fixed  by  law,  at  their  State  Capitol, 
and  each  give  a  vote  in  writing  for  a  President,  and  for  a 
Vice-President. 

These  votes  in  writing  are  transmitted  to  Washington 
and  there  counted  by  the  President  of  the  Senate,  in  the 
presence  of  both  Houses,  and  the  names  of  the  candidates 
elected  as  President  and  Vice-President  announced. 


CALIFORNIA   PRESIDENTIAL   PRIMARY 
ELECTION. 

In  the  Spring  of  the  year  of  a  Presidential  Elec- 
tion, a  Primary  Election  will  take  place  in  California 
for  the  election  of  delegates  to  the  National  Party 
Conventions,  held  to  nominate  candidates  for  Presi- 
dent and  Vice-President. 

Only  those  persons  may  vote  at  the  Presidential 
Primary  Election  who,  when  registering,  declared 
their  Party  affiliations. 


11 


III. 

DEPARTMENTS    AND    OFFICERS    OF   THE   NA- 
TIONAL GOVERNMENT. 

The  National  Government  has  three  departments  of 
government:  (1)  The  Executive  Department;  (2)  the 
Legislative  Department;  (3)  the  Judicial  Department. 

The  Executive  Department. 

(President,  Vice-President,  and  Cabinet.) 

President. 

The  President  takes  office  on  the  Fourth  of  March  fol- 
lowing his  election,  and  serves  a  term  of  four  years.  He 
receives  an  annual  salary  of  $75,000. 

As  Chief  Executive  of  the  Nation  he  has  the  follow- 
ing powers  and  duties: — (1)  He  commands  the  Army 
and  Navy;  (2)  he  has  power  to  make  treaties,  with  the 
consent  of  the  Senate ;  (3)  he  has  power  to  convene 
both  Houses  of  Congress  on  extraordinary  occasions ; 
(4)  he  has  power  to  veto  any  bill  or  resolution  passed 
by  Congress,  subject  to  the  power  of  Congress  to 
finally  pass  the  same  by  a  two-thirds  majority  vote  of 
each  house;  (5)  he  appoints  Ambassadors  and  Consuls; 
(6)  he  appoints  Justices  and  Judges  of  the  Federal 
Courts,  (subject  to  the  assent  of  the  Senate) ;  (7)  he 
commissions  all  Officers  of  the  United  States ;  (8)  he 
grants  reprieves  and  pardons  for  offenses  against  the 
United  States,  (except  in  cases  of  impeachment)  ;  (9) 
he  keeps  Congress  informed  of  the  state  of  the  Union ; 
(10)  he  recommends  measures  to  Congress;  (11)  he  ap- 
points the  Members  of  his  Cabinet. 

The  holder  of  the  office  of  President  for  the  term 
1909-1913,  is  William  Howard  Taft. 

12 


Vice-President. 

-^ 

The  Vice-President  takes  office  on  the  Fourth  of  March 
following-  his  election,  and  with  the  President  serves  a 
term  of  four  years. 

His  chief  duty  is  to  act  as  President  of  the  Senate.  In 
case  of  the  prolonged  illness  or  death  of  the  President  he 
succeeds  to  the  Presidency. 

He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $12,000. 

The  holder  of  the  office  of  Vice-President  for  the  term 
1909-1913,  is  James  S.  Sherman. 

The  Cabinet. 

The  Members  of  the  Cabinet  form  a  private  council 
to  the  President.  Each  is  at  the  head  of  a  Department, 
being  appointed  to  office  by  the  President. 

The  nine  Members  of  the  Cabinet  are :  A  Secretary  of 
State,  a  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  a  Secretary  of  the 
Interior,  a  Secretary  of  War,  a  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  a 
Secretary  of  Agriculture,  a  Secretary  of  Commerce  and 
Labor,  a  Postmaster-General,  and  an  Attorney-General. 

Each  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $12,000,  except  the 
Secretary  of  State,  who  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$8,000. 

Those  holding  office  for  the  term  1909-1913  are : 
Secretary  of  State,  Philander  C.  Knox. 
Secretary  of  Treasury,  Franklin  Macveagh. 
Secretary  of  War,  Jacob  M.  Dickinson. 
Attorney-General,  George  W.  Wickersham. 
Postmaster-General,  Frank  H.  Hitchcock. 
Secretary  of  Navy,  George  Von  R.  Meyer. 
Secretary  of  Interior,  Walter  L.  Fisher. 
Secretary  of  Agriculture,  James  Wilson. 
Secretary  of  Commerce  .and  Labor,  Charles  Nagel. 

13 


The  Legislative  Department. 

Congress. 
(1)  The  Senate;  (2)  The  House  of  Representatives. 

Congress  is  the  National  Legislature.  It  is  composed 
of  an  Upper,  and  a  Lower  House, — the  Senate,  and  the 
House  of  Representatives.  These  Houses  pass  bills 
which  become  National  laws. 

The  First  Session  of  Congress  begins  in  the  fall  of  the 
year  after  the  election  of  members  of  Congress,  and 
continues,  with  a  recess  for  Christmas,  until  the  July  or 
August  following.  The  Second  Session  begins  in  De- 
cember after  the  July  or  August  adjournment,  and  con- 
tinues until  the  following  Fourth  of  March.  The  present 
is  the  Sixty-second  Congress.  Its  term  is  March  4,  1911- 
March  4,  1913. 

(1)  The  Senate. 

Each  State  is  represented  in  the  Senate  by  two  United 
States  Senators. 

United  States  Senators  are  not  elected  by  popular  vote, 
but  are  elected  by  their  State  Legislatures. 

They  take  office  on  the  Fourth  of  March  following  their 
election,  and  serve  a  term  of  six  years.  One-third  of  the 
Members  of  the  Senate  retire  every  two  years,  so  that 
the  whole  body  is  renewed  in  a  period  of  every  six  years. 

The  Vice-President  is  the  President  of  the  Senate. 

Each  United  States  Senator  receives  an  annual  salary 
of  $7,500. 

California  United  States  Senators  are : 

George  C.  Perkins  (Rep.),  of  Oakland.  Term  expires 
March,  1915. 

John  D.  Works  (Rep.),  of  Los  Angeles.  Term  expires 
March,  1917. 

14 


A   POPULAR   ADVISORY   VOTE    FOR    CALIFORNIA   U.    S. 
SENATORS. 

In    California   at   the   general    state    election   next   preceding   the     ~\ 
Legislative  Session  at  which  a  United  States  Senator  is  to  be  elect- 
ed,   the    names   of   party   candidates,    nominated    for   United    States 
Senator  at  the  preceding  primary  state  election,  are  voted  upon.1 

The  names  ot  those  candidates  receiving  the  highest  number  of       L 
votes    at   the   general    state    election    are    later    transmitted    by    the       C 
Secretary  of  State  to  the  Legislature.     The  Members  of  the  Legis- 
lature   may   then,    when    electing    a    United    States    Senator,    if    so       I 
desiring,  vote  for  the   Senatorial  candidate  chosen  by  the  popular 
advisory  vote  of  their  respective  parties.  ' 

(2)  The  House  of  Representatives. 

The  House  of  Representatives  represents  the  Nation 
on  the  basis  of  population.  Each  State,  according  to  its 
population,  is  divided  into  a  number  of  Congressional 
Districts.1  One  Representative  is  elected  to  Congress 
from  each  District.  There  are  at  present  391  Represent- 
atives in  Congress. 

Each  State  elects  its  Representatives  at  a  general  State 
election  held  in  even-numbered  years.  Representatives 
take  office  on  the  Fourth  of  March  following  their  elec- 
tion, and  serve  a  term  of  two  years.  On  assembling  they 
elect  a  presiding  officer  called  the  Speaker.  The  present 
holder  of  the  office  of  Speaker,  is  Champ  Clark. 

The  Speaker  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $12,000. 

Each  Representative  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$7,500. 

California  has  eight  Representatives  in  the  present 
Congress.2  They  are : 

John  E.  Raker  (Dem.),  First  Congressional  District. 

William  Kent  (Rep.),  Second  Congressional  District. 

Jos.  R.  Knowland  (Rep.),  Third  Congressional  Dis- 
trict. 

Julius  Kahn  (Rep.),  Fourth  Congressional  District. 

E.  A.  Hayes  (Rep.),  Fifth  Congressional  District. 


,  Palty.  candidates  for  the  office  of  U.  S.  Senator  have  their  names  placed  on 
the  official  Primary  Election  ballots  of  their  respective  parties  in  the  manner 
provided  for  State  Officers. 

2  For  Counties  in  each  Congressional  District  of  California,  see  page  41. 

15 


J.  C.  Needham  (Rep.),  Sixth  Congressional  District. 
W.  D.  Stevens  (Rep.),  Seventh  Congressional  District. 
S.  C.  Smith  (Rep.),  Eighth  Congressional  District. 

The  Judicial  Department. 
Federal  Courts. 

(Justices  of  Supreme  Court,  Judges  of  Circuit  Courts,  Judges 
of  District  Courts.) 

The  Federal  Courts  are  the  National  Courts ;  they  deal 
with  all  cases  beyond,  or  entitled  to  pass  beyond  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  State  Courts.  There  are  four  chief 
classes  of  Federal  Courts:  (I)  The  Supreme  Court;  (II) 
the  Circuit  Courts  of  Appeals ;  (III)  Circuit  Courts ;  (IV) 
District  Courts. 

(I)  The  Supreme  Court. 

The  Supreme  Court  sits  at  Washington ;  it  tries  cases 
appealed  from  the  lower  Federal  Courts.  It  has  a  Chief 
Justice  and  eight  Associate  Justices,  who  are  appointed 
by  the  President,  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  who 
hold  office  for  life,  being  removable  only  by  impeachment. 

The  Chief  Justice  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $15,000. 

Each  Associate  Justice  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$14,500. 

Circuit  Courts  of  Appeals,  Circuit  Courts,  District  Courts. 

The  territory  of  the  United  States  is  divided  into  nine 
Judicial  Circuits. 

Each  Judicial  Circuit  is  divided  into  a  number  of 
Judicial  Districts.  There  are  in  all  eighty-eight  Judicial 
Districts. 

In  each  Judicial  Circuit  are  held  a  Circuit  Court  of  Ap- 
peals, and  two  or  more  Circuit  Courts. 

16 


In  each  Judicial  District  is  held  a  District  Court. 

The  Judges  of  the  Circuit,  and  District  Courts,  like  the 
Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court,  are  appointed  to  office  by 
the  President,  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  hold 
office  for  life,  being  removable  only  by  impeachment. 

(II)  Circuit  Courts  of  Appeals. 

Circuit  Courts  of  Appeals  try  cases  appealed  from  the 
Circuit  and  District  Courts  of  their  own  Judicial  Circuits. 
A  Circuit  Court  of  Appeals  is  held  by  a  Supreme  Court 
Justice,  (one  being  assigned  to  each  Judicial  Circuit), 
and  by  the  Circuit  and  District  Judges  of  its  own  Judicial 
Circuit. 

(III)  Circuit  Courts.1 

Circuit  Courts  try  cases  appealed  from  the  District 
Courts  of  their  own  Judicial  Circuits.  Each  is  held  by  a 
Circuit  Judge.  A  Circuit  Judge  receives  an  annual  salary 
of  $6,000. 

(IV)  District  Courts. 

District   Courts  try  cases   within   their   own   Judicial 
Districts.    Each  is  held  by  a  District  Judge. 
A  District  Judge  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $6,000. 


1  After  January,  1912,  the  Circuit  Courts  will  be  abolished.    The  Circuit  Court 
Judges  will  be  retained  to  sit  at  Circuit  Courts  of  Appeals. 


17 


IV. 


GOVERNMENT  DEPARTMENTS  AND  OFFICERS 
OF  THE  STATE  OF  CALIFORNIA. 

California,  like  all  other  States,  has  three  departments 
of  government :  (1)  The  Executive  Department ;  (2)  the 
Legislative  Department;  (3)  the  Judicial  Department. 

The  Executive  Department. 

(Governor,  Lieutenant  Governor,  and  Executive  Officers.) 
Governor. 

The  Governor  takes  office  on  the  first  Monday  after 
the  first  day  of  January  following  his  election,  and  serves 
a  term  of  four  years.  He  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$10,000. 

His  chief  powers  are: — (1)  To  convene  the  Legislature 
in  special  session ;  (2)  to  veto  a  bill  of  the  Legislature, 
subject  to  the  power  of  the  Legislature  to  finally  pass 
the  same  by  a  two-thirds  majority  vote  of  each  House; 
(3)  to  recommend  to  the  Legislature  at  each  session 
such  measures  as  he  may  consider  expedient;  (4)  to 
appoint  certain  State  Executive  Officers,  Boards  and 
Commissions. 

The  holder  of  the  office  of  Governor  for  the  term  1911- 
1915,  is  Hiram  W.  Johnson. 

Lieutenant  Governor. 

The  Lieutenant  Governor  takes  office  at  the  same  time 
as  the  Governor,  and  serves  a  term  of  four  years. 

'     18 


His  chief  duty  is  to  act  as  President  of  the  Senate.  In 
case  of  the  prolonged  illness  or  death  of  the  Governor, 
he  succeeds  to  the  office  of  Governor. 

He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $4,000. 

The  holder  of  the  office  of  Lieutenant  Governor  for  the 
term  1911-1915,  is  Robert  J.  Wallace. 

Executive  Officers. 

The  following  Executive  Officers  are  elected  at  the 
general  State  election  at  which  the  Governor  is  elected : 
A  Secretary  of  State,  Controller,  Treasurer,  Attorney 
General,  Surveyor  General,  Superintendent  of  Public  In- 
struction. 

They  take  office  at  the  same  time  as  the  Governor,  and 
serve  a  term  of  four  years.  Each  receives  an  annual 
salary  of  $5,000,  except  the  Attorney  General,  who  re- 
ceives an  annual  salary  of  $6,000. 

Those  holding  office  are  : — 

Secretary  of  State,  Frank  C.  Jordan. 

Controller,  A.  B.  Nye. 

Treasurer,  W.  R.  Williams. 

Attorney  General,  Ulysses  S.  Webb. 

Surveyor  General;  Wm.  S.  Kingsbury. 

Superintendent  Public  Instruction,  Edward  Hyatt. 

Included  in  the  Executive  Department  are  various 
heads  of  State  Departments  and  Bureaus,  and  members 
of  State  Boards  and  Commissions,  none  of  whom  are 
elected  to  office  except  the  Members  of  the  State  Board 
of  Equalization. 

State  Board  of  Equalization. 

There  are  four  Members  of  the  State  Board  of  Equal- 
ization. They  are  elected  at  the  general  State  election  at 

19 


which  the  Governor  is  elected,  and  they  serve  a  term  of 
four  years. 

The  Board  equalizes  tax  assessments  throughout  the 
State.  The  State  is  divided  into  four  Equalization  Dis- 
tricts;1 one  member  of  the  Board  is  elected  from  each 
District. 

Those  holding  office  for  the  term  1911-1915  are: 

Edward  M.  Rolkin,  First  District. 

John  Mitchell,  Second  District. 

Richard  E.  Collins,  Third  District. 

Jeff  McElvaine,  Fourth  District. 

[The  Controller  is  also  a  member  of  this  Board.] 

The  Legislative  Department. 

The  Legislature. 
(1)  The  Senate;  (2)  The  Assembly. 

The  State  Legislature  is  composed  of  an  Upper,  and  a 
Lower  House, — the  Senate  and  the  Assembly.  These 
Houses  pass  bills  which  become  State  laws. 

The  Legislature  meets  for  one  regular  session  once 
every  two  years.1  It  begins  regular  session  on  the  first 
Monday  after  the  first  day  of  January,  after  the  election 
of  its  members.  A  regular  session  usually  continues 
about  ninety  days.2  The  Governor  may  convene  the  Leg- 
islature when  necessary  at  Special  Sessions. 

(1)  The  Senate. 

There  are  forty  members  of  the  Senate. 

The  State  is  divided  into  forty  Senatorial  Districts.3 
One  Senator  is  elected  from  each  District,  to  serve  a  term 
of  four  years.  It  is  so  arranged  that  at  one  general  State 
election  twenty  Senators  are  elected  from  the  odd-num- 


1  For  Counties  in  each  Equalization  District,  see  page  44. 

2  After  January,  1912,  there  will  be  two  sessions,  with  an  intervening  recess  of 
thirty  days. 

*  For  Counties  in  each  Senatorial  District,  see  page  42. 

20 


bered  Districts,  while  at  the  following  general  State  elec- 
tion twenty  Senators  are  elected  from  the  even-numbered 
Districts.  For  example,  in  1908  a  Senator  was  elected 
from  each  odd-numbered  District,  while  in  1910  a  Senator 
was  elected  from  each  even-numbered  District.  Thus 
every  two  years  twenty  Senators  are  elected  whose  terms 
continue  during  the  period  of  two  Legislatures. 

The  President  of  the  Senate  is  the  Lieutenant  Governor. 

Each  Senator  receives  the  sum  of  $1,000  for  a  regular 
session  of  the  Legislature,  and  $10.00  a  day  for  each  day 
of  special  session. 

(2)  The  Assembly. 

There  are  eighty  Members  of  the  Assembly. 

The  State  is  divided  into  eighty  Assembly  Districts.1 
At  each  general  State  election  one  Member  is  elected  to 
the  Assembly  from  each  Assembly  District,  to  serve  a 
term  of  two  years. 

The  Presiding  Officer  of  the  Assembly  is  called  the 
"Speaker."  The  present  holder  of  the  office  of  Speaker, 
is  A.  H.  Hewitt. 

Each  Member  of  the  Assembly  receives  the  sum  of 
$1,000  for  a  regular  session  of  the  Legislature,  and 
$10.00  a  day  for  each  day  of  special  session. 

The  Judicial  Department. 

(Supreme    Court   Justices,   Justices   of   the    District   Courts    of 
Appeal,  Judges  of  the  Superior  Courts.) 

The  State  has  three  classes  of  Courts:  (I)  The  Su- 
preme Court;  (II)  the  District  Courts  of  Appeal;  (III) 
the  Superior  Courts. 


1  For  Counties  in  Assembly  Districts,  see  page  43. 

21 


(I)  The  Supreme  Court. 

The  Supreme  Court  tries  cases -appealed  from  the  Dis- 
trict Courts  of  Appeal,  and  from  the  Superior  Courts. 

It  has  a  Chief  Justice,  and  six  Associate  Justices,  who 
are  elected  at  general  State  elections,  and  who  serve  a 
term  of  twelve  years.1 

Each  Justice  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $8,000. 

The  following  are  now  serving: 

Chief  Justice  W.  H.  Beatty.  Term  expires  January, 
1915. 

Associate  Justice  F.  M.  Angellotti.  Term  expires  Jan- 
uary, 1915. 

Associate  Justice  Lucien  Shaw.  Term  expires  January, 
1915. 

Associate  Justice  F.  W.  Henshaw.  Term  expires  Jan- 
uary, 1919. 

Associate  Justice  Wm.  G.  Lorigan.  Term  expires  Jan- 
uary, 1919. 

Associate  Justice  Max  Sloss.  Term  expires  January, 
1923. 

Associate  Justice  H.  A.  Melvin.  Term  expires  January, 
1923. 

(II)  District  Courts  of  Appeal. 

The  State  is  divided  into  three  Appellate  Districts. 
There  is  one  District  Court  of  Appeal  for  each  Appellate 
District. 

The  Court  of  the  First  Appellate  District  meets  at  San 
Francisco ;  the  Court  of  the  Second  Appellate  District 
meets  at  Los  Angeles ;  the  Court  of  the  Third  Appellate 
District  meets  at  Sacramento. 

District  Courts  of  Appeal  try  cases  appealed  from  the 
Superior  Courts  within  their  own  Appellate  Districts. 

There  are  nine  Justices  of  the  District  Courts  of  Ap- 
peal,— three  for  each  Court.  Justices  are  elected  from 


1  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  are  elected  at  large,  i.  e.  not  from  Districts. 

22 


their  Districts  at  a  general  State  election,  to  serve  a  term 
of  twelve  years.  Each  Justice  receives  an  annual  salary 
of  $7,000. 

The  following  are  now  serving: 

First  Appellate  District. 

Presiding  Justice  Thos.  J.  Lennon.  Term  expires  Jan- 
uary, 1923. 

Associate  Justice  F.  H.  Kerrigan.  Term  expires  Jan- 
uary, 1915. 

Associate  Justice  S.  P.  Hall.  Term  expires  January, 
1919. 

Second  Appellate  District. 

Presiding  Justice  Mathew  T.  Allen.  Term  expires 
January,  1915. 

Associate  Justice  W.  P.  James.  Term  expires  January, 
1919. 

Associate  Justice  V.  E.  Shaw.  Term  expires  January, 
1923. 

Third  Appellate  District. 

Presiding  Justice  Norton  P.  Chipman.  Term  expires 
January,  1919. 

Associate  Justice  E.  C.  Hart.  Term  expires  January, 
1915. 

Associate  Justice  A.  G.  Burnett.  Term  expires  Jan- 
uary, 1923. 

(Ill)  Superior  Courts. 

Each  County  has  a  Superior  Court. 

A  Superior  Court  tries  cases  appealed  from  the  Justices' 
Courts,  and  from  the  Municipal  Police  Courts  of  the 
County.1 

Judges  are  allotted  to  each  Superior  Court  in  number 
proportionate  to  the  population  of  the  County. 

Superior  Court  Judges  are  elected  at  general  State 
elections,  and  serve  a  term  of  six  years.  Their  terms 
expire  at  varying  periods.2 

1  A  Superior  Court  has  original  jurisdiction  over  certain  cases. 

2  They  are  elected  from  the  County  at  large. 

23 


V. 

ELECTIVE  OFFICERS  OF  COUNTY  GOVERN- 
MENT.1 

Each  County  is  governed  by  a  Board  of  Supervisors, 
and  by  various  County  Officers. 

Board  of  Supervisors. 

Each  Board  of  Supervisors  has  five  members,  who  are 
elected  at  a  general  State  election,  and  serve  a  term  of 
four  years.  In  some  counties  they  are  elected  from 
Supervisorial  Districts,  while  in  others  they  are  elected 
at  large.  They  take  office  on  the  first  Monday  after  the 
first  day  of  January  following  their  election. 

Their  duties  in'general  are :  (1)  To  supervise  the  con- 
duct of  County  Officers;  (2)  to  divide  the  County  into 
townships,  election,  school,  road  and  other  districts;  (3) 
to  appoint  inspectors,  clerks  and  judges  of  election,  and 
to  canvass  all  election  returns  of  the  State  of  California ; 
(4)  to  fill  by  appointment  certain  vacancies  in  County 
offices. 

County  Officers. 

The  Officers  of  a  County  are :  A  District  Attorney, 
Sheriff,  County  Clerk,  Auditor,  Treasurer,  Recorder, 
License  Collector,  Tax  Collector,  Assessor,  Superintend- 
ent of  Schools,  Public  Administrator,  Coroner,  Surveyor, 
etc. 

They  are  elected  at  a  general  State  election,  and  serve 
a  term  of  four  years. 


1  Book  of  Reference:    "General  Election  Laws,  State  of  California,"  1910,  by 
Chas.  F.  Curry,  pages  219-226. 

24 


In  most  of  the  Counties  the  duties  of  the  following 
offices  are  consolidated :  Sheriff  and  Tax  Collector, 
Auditor  and  Recorder,  County  Clerk,  Auditor  and  Re- 
corder, County  Clerk  and  Recorder,  County  Clerk  and 
Auditor,  Treasurer  and  Tax  Collector,  Assessor  and  Tax 
Collector,  Public  Administrator  and  Coroner. 

County  Justices  of  the  Peace  are  also  elected  at  general 
State  elections. 

ELECTIVE  OFFICERS  OF  CITY  AND  TOWN 
GOVERNMENT. 

(1)  Elective  Officers  of  City  Government. 

Each  city  has  a  Chief  Executive,  i.  e.,  a  Mayor,  or  a 
President  of  Trustees, — a  Legislative  Body, — and  various 
Municipal  Officers. 

In  some  cities  the  Legislative  Body  is  called  the  Board 
of  Trustees,  while  in  others  it  is  called  the  City  Council, 
or  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  etc. 

The  Municipal  Officers  of  a  city,  in  general,  are:  A 
City  Attorney,  Auditor,  Treasurer,  Assessor,  City  Clerk, 
Marshal,  etc. 

The  majority  of  cities  hold  their  Municipal  Elections 
every  two  years.  Special  elections  may  be  held  under 
the  provisions  of  City  Charters. 

(2)  Elective  Officers  of  Town  Government. 

Each  town  has  a  Chief  Executive,  i.  e.,  a  President  of 
Trustees,  a  Legislative  Board,  i.  e.,  a  Board  of  Trustees, — 
and  various  Town  Officers,  (a  Town  Clerk,  Town  At- 
torney, Treasurer,  Marshal,  etc.). 

The  majority  of  towns  hold  their  elections  every  two 
years. 


25 


VI. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  MUNICIPAL  ELECTIONS.1 

(1)  Elections  held ;  (2)  Officers  elected;  (3)  Terms  of 
office ;  (4)  The  number  of  votes  which  elect  at  a  Primary 
Election. 

(i) 

Primary  Municipal  Election. 

A  Primary  Municipal  Election  is  held  on  the  last  Tues- 
day in  September  in  each  odd-numbered  year,  for  the 
nomination  of  candidates  to  be  voted  upon  at  the  en- 
suing General  Municipal  Election. 

General  Municipal  Election. 

A  General  Municipal  Election  is  held  on  the  first  Tues- 
day after  the  first  Monday  in  November  in  each  odd- 
numbered  year  for  the  election  of  Municipal  Officers. 

Special  Election. 

A  Special  Election  may  be  called  for  the  following  pur- 
poses:  (1)  For  the  Referendum;2  (2)  for  the  Initiative;3 
(3)  for  the  Recall;4  (4)  for  the  acquisition  of  Public 
Utilities;5  (5)  to  fill  vacancies  in  office;  (6)  for  amend- 
ments to  the  Charter;  (1)  for  Bond  Issues.6 


1  Book  of  Reference:    "Registration  and  Election  Laws  of  California,"  pub- 
lished by  the  Board  of  Election  Commissioners,  San  Francisco,  1911. 

2  "Registration  and  Election  Laws,"  pages  159,  160. 
8  Id.,  pages  154-157. 

4  Id.,  pages  160-164. 
•  Id.,  pages  160-166. 
8  Id.,  page  164. 

26 


(2)  Officers  Elected. 

The  Municipal  Officers  nominated  and  elected  at  Pri- 
mary and  General  elections  are :  A  Mayor,  four  Police 
Judges,  a  District  Attorney,  City  Attorney,  Assessor, 
Auditor,  Treasurer,  Tax  Collector,  Recorder,  Public  Ad- 
ministrator, County  Clerk,  Coroner,  Sheriff  and  eighteen 
Supervisors. 

Office  is  taken  on  the  Eighth  day  of  January  follow- 
ing election. 

(3)  Terms  of  Office. 

At  the  Municipal  Election  of  1911  the  following  were 
elected  to  serve  for  the  term  of  1912-1916:  The  Mayor, 
two  Police  Judges,  the  District  Attorney,  Auditor,  As- 
sessor, County  Clerk,  Coroner,  Sheriff  and  nine  Super- 
visors. 

The  following  were  elected  to  serve  for  the  term  1912- 
1914:  Tax  Collector,  Recorder,  City  Attorney,  Treas- 
urer, Public  Administrator  and  nine  Supervisors. 

The  nine  Supervisors  who  received  the  highest  number 
of  votes  at  the  Municipal  Election  of  1911  are  to  serve 
for  the  term  1912-1916,  while  the  remaining  nine  elected 
are  to  serve  for  the  term  1912-1914. 

In  1913,  the  Tax  Collector,  Recorder,  City  Attorney, 
two  Police  Judges,  Treasurer,  Public  Administrator  and 
nine  Supervisors  will  be  elected  to  serve  a  term  of  four 
years.  Thus,  henceforth,  at  each  municipal  election,  cer- 
tain officers  will  be  elected  to  serve  a  term  of  four  years. 

(4)  The  Number  of  Votes  which  Elect  at  a  Primary 
Election. 

Candidates  may  be  elected  at  a  Primary  Election  under 
the  following  conditions:  (1)  In  case  there  is  but  one 
person  to  be  elected  to  an  office,  the  candidate  receiving 
a  majority  of  the  votes  cast  for  all  the  candidates  for  that 
office  is  elected;  (2)  in  case  there  are  two  or  more  per- 

27 


sons  to  be  elected  to  an  office,  those  candidates  who  re- 
ceive the  highest  number  of  votes,  are  elected ;  provided 
that  no  person  shall  be  elected  unless  he  receive  a  num- 
ber of  votes  greater  than  one-half  the  number  of  ballots 
cast  at  the  Election. 

MUNICIPAL  DEPARTMENTS  AND  OFFICERS  OF 
SAN  FRANCISCO.1 

(The  City  and  County,  coinciding  in  territory,  are  under 
one  Municipal  Government.) 

San  Francisco  has  various  departments  of  Municipal 
Government,  the  chief  of  which  are  the  Executive  and 
the  Legislative  Departments. 

The  Executive  Department. 

(The  Mayor,  Executive  Officers.) 

The  Mayor. 

The  Mayor  is  elected  at  a  municipal  election,  and  takes 
office  on  the  8th  of  January  following.  After  January, 
1912,  his  term  will  be  four  years. 

The  Mayor  is  the  President  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors. 

His  duties  in  general  are :  To  supervise  the  conduct 
of  all  public  officers ;  to  see  that  the  laws  and  ordinances 
are  enforced;  to  exercise  supervision  over  the  depart- 
ments and  public  institutions  of  the  City ;  to  see  that  all 
contracts  with  the  City  and  County  are  kept;  to  appoint 
certain  public  Boards,  and  all  public  officers  whose  elec- 
tion or  appointment  is  not  otherwise  provided  for. 

The  following  are  the  Boards  appointed  by  the  Mayor : 
A  Board  of  Public  Works,  a  Board  of  Education,  a  Board 
of  Police  Commissioners,  a  Board  of  Fire  Commissioners, 
a  Board  of  Health,  a  Board  of  Election  Commissioners,  a 

1  Book  of  Reference:   The  Charter  of  the  City  and  County  of  San  Francisco. 

28 


Board  of  Civil  Service  Commissioners,  a  Board  of  Play- 
ground Commissioners,  and  a  Board  of  Park  Com- 
missioners. 

The  Mayor  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $6,000. 

The  Mayor's  office  is  in  the  Crocker  Building. 

The  holder  of  the  office  of  Mayor  for  the  term  1912- 
1916,  is  James  Rolph,  Jr. 

Executive  Officers. 

The  following  Executive  Officers  are  elected  with  the 
Mayor  at  a  municipal  election,  and  take  office  on  the 
eighth  of  January  following:  (1)  Auditor,  (2)  Treasurer, 
(3)  Assessor,  (4)  Tax  Collector,  (5)  Coroner,  (6)  Re- 
corder. 

1.  Auditor. 

(Office  in  City  Hall.) 

The  Auditor  is  in  charge  of  the  City's  Accounts. 
After  January,  1912,  his  term  will  be  four  years. 
He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $4,000. 
Thos.  F.  Boyle,— serves  for  the  term  1912-1916. 

2.  Treasurer. 

(pffice  in  City  Hall.) 

The  Treasurer  is  in  charge  of  the  City's  Treasury. 
His  term  is  two  years;  after  January,  1914,  it  will  be 
four  years. 

He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $4,000. 

John  E.  Macdougald, — serves  for  the  term  1912-1914. 

3.  Assessor. 

(Office,  1245  Market  Street.) 

The  Assessor  makes  valuations  of  property  upon  which 
taxes  are  to  be  levied. 

After  January,  1912,  his  term  will  be  four  years. 

He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $8,000. 

Washington  Dodge, — serves  for  the  term  1912-1916. 

29 


4.  Tax  Collector. 

(Office,  1219  Market  -Street.) 

His  term  is  two  years;  after  January,  1914,  it  will  be 
four  years. 

He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $4,000. 
David  Bush, — serves  for  the  term  1912-1914. 

5.  Coroner. 

(Office,  363  Fell  Street.) 

After  January,  1912,  his  term  will  be  four  years. 
He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $4,000. 
Thos.  B.  Leland, — serves  for  the  term  of  1912-1916. 

6.  Recorder. 

(Office  in  City  Hall.) 

The  Recorder  is  the  custodian  of  Public  Records. 
His  term  is  two  years ;   after  January,  1914,  it  will  be 
four  years. 

He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $4,000. 

Edmond  Godchaux, — serves  for  the  term  of  1912-1914. 

Legislative  Department. 
(The  Board  of  Supervisors.) 

A  Board  of  eighteen  Supervisors  form  the  City  Leg- 
islature. They  are  elected  from  the  City  at  large1  at  a 
municipal  election.  They  take  office  on  the  8th  of  Jan- 
uary following. 

Of  the  eighteen  Supervisors  elected  at  the  municipal 
election  of  1911  the  nine  who  won  the  highest  number 
of  votes  are  to  hold  office  four  years,  while  the  remaining 
nine  are  to  hold  office  two  years.  At  the  municipal 
election  in  1913  and  at  each  municipal  election  thereafter 
nine  Supervisors  are  to  be  electe<J  to  serve  a  term  of 
four  years. 


1  At  large,  i.  e.,  not  elected  from  Districts. 

30 


The  duties  of  the  Board  in  general  are:  (1)  To  make 
and  enforce  all  local,  police,  sanitary  and  other  City 
laws  and  regulations ;  (2)  to  regulate  and  control  the  use 
of  the  public  streets ;  (3)  to  purchase  property  and  util- 
ities needed  for  public  use;  (4)  to  regulate  the  rates 
charged  for  public  utilities  (water,  light,  heat,  power  or 
telephonic  service);  (5)  to  impose  license  taxes;  (6)  to 
regulate  street  railroads ;  (7)  to  grant  franchises ;  (8)  to 
make  public  contracts ;  (9)  to  make  an  estimate  of  the 
expenses  required  to  conduct  the  public  business  for  the 
next  ensuing  year;  (10)  to  levy  an  annual  tax  to  cover 
the  expenses  of  the  public  business. 

Every  bill  or  resolution  passed  by  the  Board  of  Su- 
pervisors is  called  an  Ordinance  (i.  e.  City  law). 

The  Board  in  addition  to  its  legislative  duties  sits  as  a 
Board  of  Equalization1  of  the  City  and  County  of  San 
Francisco. 

The  Board  of  Supervisors  meets  in  Legislative  Session 
on  Monday  of  each  week,  at  2 :00  o'clock.  The  meetings 
are  open  to  the  public. 

Each  Supervisor  receives  the  sum  of  $200  per  month. 

Those  holding  office  for  the  term  1912-1916  are :  Wm. 
H.  McCarthy,  Oscar  Hocks,  Paul  Bancroft,  J.  Emmet 
Hayden,  George  E.  Gallagher,  Henry  Payot,  Charles  A. 
Murdock,  Thomas  Jennings,  Alex.  T.  Vogelsang. 

Those  holding  office  for  the  term  1912-1914  are :  Fred 
L.  Hilmer,  Andrew  J.  Gallagher,  A.  H.  Giannini,  Adolf 
Koshland,  Daniel  C.  Murphy,  Byron  Mauzy,  Ralph  Mc- 
Leran,  Edward  L.  Nolan,  Guido  E.  Caglieri. 

The  Office  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  is  at  the  Tem- 
porary City  Hall,  Market  and  Eighth  Streets. 


1  The  Board  of  Equalization  regulates  tax  assessments. 


31 


Public  Departments. 

I.  Department  of  Public  Works. 

Under  the  management  of  a  Board  of  Public  Works, 
composed  of  three  Commissioners,  who  are  appointed 
by  the  Mayor,  and  who  serve  a  term  of  four  years. 

The  Board  has  in  charge  public  streets,  public  build- 
ings, wharves,  harbors,  etc.  Each  Commissioner  receives 
an  annual  salary  of  $4,000. 

Office,  995  Market  Street. 

2.  Police  Department. 

Under  the  management  of  a  Board  of  Police  Commis- 
sioners, composed  of  four  Commissioners,  who  are  ap- 
pointed by  the  Mayor,  and  who  serve  a  term  of  four 
years.  The  Board  appoints  a  Chief  of  Police  and  Police 
Officers.  The  Chief  of  Police  receives  an  annual  salary 
of  $4,000.  Each  Commissioner  receives  an  annual  salary 
of  $1,200. 

Office,  Hall  of  Justice,  Kearny  and  Washington  Streets. 

3.  Fire  Department. 

Under  the  management  of  the  Board  of  Fire  Commis- 
sioners, composed  of  four  Commissioners,  who  are  ap- 
pointed by  the  Mayor,  and  who  serve  a  term  of  four 
years.  Each  Commissioner  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$1,200. 

4.  Department  of  Public  Health. 

Under  the  management  of  a  Board  of  Health,  com- 
posed of  seven  members,  who  are  appointed  by  the  Mayor, 
and  who  serve  a  term  of  four  years.  Three  members  of 
the  Board  must  be  physicians.  The  members  of  the 
Board  serve  without  compensation. 

Office,  1085  Mission  Street. 


5.  Department  of  Elections. 

Under  the  management  of  a  Board  of  Election  Com- 
missioners, composed  of  five  members,  who  are  appointed 
by  the  Mayor,  and  who  serve  a  term  of  four  years.  Each 
Commissioner  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $1,000. 

Office,  in  City  Hall. 

6.  School  Department. 

Under  the  management  of  a  Board  of  Education  com- 
posed of  four  School  Directors,  who  are  appointed  by  the 
Mayor,  and  who  serve  a  term  of  four  years.  Each  School 
Director  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $3,000.  , 

Office,  Southwest  corner  Pine  and  Larkin  Streets. 

Judicial  Department. 

(Superior  Court  Judges,  Police  Judges,  Justices.) 
There  are  three  classes  of  courts:    (1)  The  Superior 

Court;    (II)  Police  Court;    (III)  Justices'  Courts. 

The  Superior  Court  and  the  Justices'  Courts  are  the 

Courts  of  the  County  of  San  Francisco,  but  since  the  City 

now  coincides  with  the  County  in  territory  they  have  only 

a  municipal  jurisdiction. 

I,  Superior  Court. 

The  Superior  Court  tries  cases  appealed  from  the  Police 
Court  and  from  the  Justices'  Courts. 

Superior  Court  Judges  are  allotted  to  each  County  in 
number  proportionate  to  the  population  of  the  County. 
At  present  San  Francisco  has  twelve  Superior  Court 
Judges.  They  are  elected  at  general  State  elections,  and 
serve  a  term  of  six  years.  Each  receives  an  annual  salary 
of  $6.000. 

Those  holding  office  are: 

Department  1 — Judge  J.  M.  Seawell.  Term  expires 
January,  1917. 

33 


Department  2 — Judge  F.  J.  Murasky.  Term  expires 
January,  1917. 

Department  3 — Judge  James  M.  Troutt.  Term  ex- 
pires January,  1917. 

Department  A — Judge  J.  J.  Van  Nostrand.  Term  ex- 
pires January,  1915. 

Department  5 — Judge  John  Hunt.  Term  expires  Jan- 
uary, 1915. 

Department  6 — Judge  F.  H.  Dunne.  Term  expires 
January,  1915. 

Department  7 — Judge  E.  P.  Mogan.  Term  expires 
January,  1913. 

Department  8 — Judge  E.  J.  Sturtevant.  Term  expires 
January,  1915. 

Department  9 — Judge  J.  V.  Coffey.  Term  expires 
January,  1913. 

Department  10 — Judge  Thos.  E.  Graham.  Term  ex- 
pires January,  1913. 

Department  11— Judge  P.  W.  Lawlor.  Term  expires 
January,  1913. 

Department  12 — Judge  Geo.  H.  Cabaniss.  Term  ex- 
pires January,  1917. 

II.  Police  Court. 

The  Police  Court  has  jurisdiction  over  all  criminal 
cases,  and  over  all  violations  of  City  Ordinances. 

The  Court  is  divided  into  four  Departments.  There 
is  one  Police  Judge  for  each  Department.  Two  Police 
Judges  are  elected  at  each  municipal  election  to  serve  a 
term  of  four  years.  Each  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$3,600. 

34 


Those  holding  office  are : 

Department  1 — Judge  Charles  L.  Weller.  Term  ex- 
pires January,  1912. 

Department  2 — Judge  Chas.  T.  Conlan.  Term  expires 
January,  1914. 

Department  3 — Judge  Edward  T.  Shortall.  Term  ex- 
pires January,  1914. 

Department  4 — Judge  Daniel  C.  Deasy.  Term  expires 
January,  1912. 

At  the  municipal  election  of  1911  Judge  Weller  and 
Judge  Deasy  were  re-elected  to  serve  for  the  term  1912- 
1916. 

Police  Court  Rooms,  Hall  of  Justice,  Kearny  and 
Washington  Streets. 

III.  Justices'  Courts. 

The  Justices*  Courts  have  jurisdiction  over  civil  cases, 
and  over  all  cases  involving  sums  under  three  hundred 
dollars. 

There  are  five  Justices.  They  are  elected  at  a  general 
State  elections,  and  serve  a  term  of  four  years.  Each 
receives  an  annual  salary  of  $2,400,  except  the  Presiding 
Justice  who  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $2,700. 

Those  holding  office  until  1915  are: 

Justice  J.  J.  Conlan. 

Justice  A.  T.  Barnett. 

Justice  A.  B.  Treadwell. 

Justice  Charles  E.  A.  Crighton. 

Justice  E.  J.  Flood. 

The  Justices'  Court  Rooms  are  in  the  Grant  Building. 

Legal  Department. 

(City  Attorney,  District  Attorney,  Public  Administrator, 
County  Clerk,  Sheriff.) 

City  Attorney. 

The  City  Attorney  is  elected  at  a  municipal  election. 
He  takes  office  on  the  8th  of  January  following,  and 

35 


serves  a  term  of  two  years.  After  1914  he  will  serve  a 
term  of  four  years.  He  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$5,000. 

He  prosecutes  and  defends  for  the  City  all  actions  at 
law  or  in  equity,  and  all  special  proceedings  for  or  against 
the  City.  He  also  gives  legal  advice  to  all  officers, 
Boards,  and  Commissioners  upon  questions  arising  in 
their  separate  departments  involving  the  rights  or  lia- 
bilities of  the  City. 

The  City  Attorney's  Office  is  in  the  Grant  Building. 

Percy  V.  Long, — serves  for  the  term  1912-1914. 

District  Attorney. 

The  District  Attorney  is  elected  at  a  municipal  election. 
He  takes  office  on  the  8th  of  January  following,  and  serves 
a  term  of  four  years.  He  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$5,000. 

In  addition  to  his  duties  as  District  Attorney  for  the 
County  of  San  Francisco,  he  conducts  on  behalf  of  the 
people  all  prosecutions  cognizable  in  the  Police  Courts. 
He  gives,  when  required,  advice  to  the  Board  of  Police 
Commissioners,  Chief  of  Police,  Board  of  Health,  and  the 
Coroner. 

The  District  Attorney's  Office  is  in  the  Grant  Building. 

Charles  M.  Fickert, — serves  for  the  term  1912-1916. 

Public  Administrator. 

The  Public  Administrator  is  elected  at  a  municipal 
election.  He  takes  office  on  the  8th  of  January  following, 
and  serves  a  term  of  two  years.  After  1914  he  will  serve 
a  term  of  four  years.  He  receives  no  salary,  being  paid 
by  fees.  He  has  in  charge  all  property  not  provided  for 
by  will. 

His  office  is  in  the  Spreckels  Building. 

M.  J.  Hynes,— serves  for  the  term  1912-1914. 

36 


County  Clerk. 

The  County  Clerk  is  elected  at  a  municipal  election. 
He  takes  office  on  the  8th  of  January  following,  and  serves 
a  term  of  four  years.  He  receives  an  annual  salary  of 
$4,000. 

In  addition  to  his  duties  as  County  Clerk  he  acts  as 
Clerk  for  the  Police  Court. 

Office,  1237  Market  Street. 

Harry  I.  Mulcrevy, — serves  for  the  term  1912-1916. 

Sheriff. 

The  Sheriff  is  elected  at  a  municipal  election.  He  takes 
office  on  the  8th  of  January  following,  and  serves  a  term 
of  four  years.  He  receives  an  annual  salary  of  $8,000. 

Office,  122  McAllister  Street. 

Fred  Eggers, — serves  for  the  term  1912-1916. 


37 


VII. 

THE  INITIATIVE. 

A  law  or  amendment  to  the  State  Constitution  of  Cali- 
fornia may  be  initiated  in  the  following  way :  A  petition 
proposing  a  law  or  amendment,  and  signed  by  qualified 
electors  equal  in  number  to  eight  per  cent  of  all  the  votes 
cast  for  all  the  candidates  for  Governor  at  the  last  elec- 
tion, is  presented  to  the  Secretary  of  State. 

The  Secretary  of  State  submits  the  proposed  law  or 
amendment  to  the  vote  of  the  electors  at  the  next  general 
election  occurring  within  ninety  days  after  the  petition 
has  been  received,  or  at  a  special  election  called  by  the 
Governor  prior  to  the  general  election.  If  approved  by 
the  electors,  the  law  or  amendment  goes  into  effect. 

When  at  any  time  not  later  than  ten  days  before  the 
beginning  of  a  regular  session  of  the  Legislature,  a  peti- 
tion proposing  a  law,  and  signed  by  qualified  electors 
equal  in  number  to  five  per  cent  of  all  the  votes  cast  for 
all  candidates  for  Governor  at  the  last  election,  is  pre- 
sented to  the  Secretary  of  State,  he  transmits  it  to  the 
Legislature. 

The  law  proposed  by  the  petition  is  then  enacted  or  re- 
jected by  the  Legislature  within  forty  days.  If  enacted,  it 
is  subject  to  the  Referendum.  If  rejected,  or  if  no  action 
is  taken  upon  it  within  forty  days,  it  is  submitted  to  the 
the  electors  at  the  next  general  election  for  approval 
or  rejection. 

The  Legislature  may  reject  any  measure  proposed  by 
the  Initiative  petition,  and  propose  a  different  one  on  the 
same  subject,  in  which  case  both  measures  are  submitted 
to  the  vote  of  the  electors  at  the  next  general  election, 
or  at  a  prior  special  election  called  by  the  Governor. 

38 


The  Initiative  may  be  exercised  by  the  electors  of  each 
county,  city  and  county,  city  and  town  of  the  State 
under  such  conditions  as  provided  by  law. 

THE   REFERENDUM.1 

An  Act  of  the  Legislature  of  California  may  be  referred 
to  the  electors  for  approval  or  rejection  in  the  following 
way :  If  within  ninety  days  after  the  final  adjournment  of 
the  Legislature,  a  petition  is  presented  to  the  Secretary  of 
State,  signed  by  qualified  electors  equal  in  number  to  five 
per  cent  of  all  the  votes  cast  for  all  candidates  for  Gov- 
ernor at  the  last  election,  and  asking  that  an  Act  (sec- 
tion, or  part  of  an  Act)  of  the  Legislature  be  submitted 
to  the  electors  for  approval  or  rejection, — the  Secretary 
of  State  will  then  submit  the  Act  (section,  or  part  of  such 
Act)  to  the  electors  at  the  next  general  election  occurring 
at  any  time  subsequent  to  thirty  days  after  the  petition 
has  been  presented,  or  at  a  prior  special  election  called  by 
the  Governor  for  the  purpose. 

The  Act,  section,  or  part  of  such  Act,  cannot  go  into 
effect  until  approved  by  a  majority  of  qualified  electors 
voting  upon  it. 

The  Referendum  may  be  exercised  by  the  electors  of 
each  county,  city  and  county,  city,  and  town  of  the  State, 
under  such  provisions  as  provided  by  law. 

THE  RECALL. 

Elective  State  officers  of  California  may  be  recalled 
from  office  in  the  following  way :  A  petition  signed  by  a 
required  number  of  electors,  entitled  to  vote  for  a  suc- 
cessor to  the  office  in  question,  is  sent  to  the  Secretary 
of  State. 

The  Secretary  of  State  transmits  the  petition  to  the 
Governor,  who  sets  a  date  for  an  election.  Only  those 


1  No  acts  passed  by  the  Legislature  can  go  into  effect  until  ninety  days  after 
the  adjournment  of  the  Legislature,  except  acts  calling  elections,  providing  for 
tax  levies  or  appropriations  for  State  expenses,  and  acts  for  urgency  measures. 

39 


electors  entitled  to  elect  a  successor  to  the  office,  may 
vote  on  the  question  of  the  removal  of  the  holder  of  office. 

No  recall  petition  can  be  filed  against  any  officer  until 
he  has  held  office  at  least  six  months,  except  against  a 
Member  of  the  State  Legislature. 

The  Recall  can  be  exercised  by  the  electors  of  each 
county,  city  and  county,  city  and  town  of  the  State 
against  elective  county,  city  and  town  officers  under  such 
conditions  as  provided  by  law. 


40 


VIII. 

THE    CONGRESSIONAL    DISTRICTS    OF    CALI- 
FORNIA.1 

FIRST  DISTRICT. 

Del  Norte,  Humboldt,  Mendocino,  Sonoma,  Lake,  Ma- 
rin,  Colusa,  Sutler,  Yuba,  Butte,  Glenn. 

SECOND   DISTRICT. 

Siskiyou,  Modoc,  Trinity,  Shasta,  Lassen,  Tehama, 
Plumas,  Sierra,  Nevada,  Placer,  El  Dorado,  Amador, 
Calaveras,  Tuolumne,  Alpine,  Mariposa. 

THIRD   DISTRICT. 

Napa,  Yolo,  Sacramento,  Solano,  Contra  Costa,  San 
Joaquin. 

FOURTH   AND    FIFTH    DISTRICTS. 
San  Francisco. 

SIXTH   DISTRICT. 
Alameda. 

SEVENTH   DISTRICT. 

Stanislaus,  Merced,  Madera,  Fresno,  Kings,  Tulare, 
Kern. 

EIGHTH   DISTRICT. 

San  Mateo,  Santa  Clara,  Santa  Cruz,  San  Benito,  Mon- 
terey, San  Luis  Obispo,  Santa  Barbara,  Ventura. 


1  This  apportionment  of  Districts  was  made  in  December,  1911. 

41 


NINTH  AND  TENTH  DISTRICTS. 
Los  Angeles. 

ELEVENTH   DISTRICT. 

Mono,  Inyo,  San  Bernardino,  Riverside,  Orange,  San 
Diego,  Imperial. 

SENATORIAL    DISTRICTS.1 

First — Del  Norte,  Humboldt,  Trinity,  Tehama. 
Second — Modoc,  Siskiyou,  Shasta,  Lassen. 
Third — Plumas,  Sierra,  Nevada,  Placer,  El  Dorado. 
Fourth — Mendocino,  Colusa,  Lake,  Glenn. 
Fifth — Napa,  Solano. 
Sixth— Butte,  Yuba,  Sutter,  Yolo. 
Seventh — Sacramento. 
Eighth — Sonoma. 
Ninth — Marin,  Contra  Costa. 
Tenth — San  Joaquin,  Amador. 
Eleventh — San  Mateo,  San  Benito,  Santa  Cruz. 
Twelfth — Tuolumne,  Mariposa,  Stanislaus,  Merced,  Al- 
pine, Madera,  Calaveras,  Mono. 

Thirteenth  to  Sixteenth,  inclusive — Alameda. 

Seventeenth — Monterey,  San  Luis  Obispo. 

Eighteenth  to  Twenty-fourth,  inclusive — San  Francisco. 

Twenty-fifth — Ventura,  Santa  Barbara. 

Twenty-sixth — Fresno. 

Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth — Santa  Clara. 

Twenty-ninth — Los  Angeles. 

Thirtieth — San  Bernardino,  Inyo. 

Thirty-first — Los  Angeles. 

Thirty-second — Tulare,  Kern,  Kings. 

Thirty-third  to  Thirty-eighth,  inclusive — Los  Angeles. 

Thirty-ninth — Riverside,  Orange,  Imperial. 

Fortieth — San  Diego. 


1This  apportionment  of  Districts  was  made  in  December,  1911. 

42 


ASSEMBLY    DISTRICTS.1 

First — Del  Norte,  Siskiyou. 

Second — Humboldt. 

Third — Shasta,  Trinity. 

Fourth — Plumas,  Lassen,  Modoc,  Sierra. 

Fifth — Tehama,  Glenn,  Colusa. 

Sixth — Mendocino. 

Seventh — Butte. 

Eighth— Yuba,  Sutler,  Yolo. 

Ninth — Nevada  and  Placer. 

Tenth — Solano. 

Eleventh — Napa,  Lake. 

Twelfth  and  Thirteenth — Sonoma. 

Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth — Sacramento. 

Sixteenth — El  Dorado,  Amador,  Calaveras,  Alpine. 

Seventeenth — Marin. 

Eighteenth — Contra  Costa. 

Nineteenth  and  Twentieth — San  Joaquin. 

Twenty-first  to  Thirty-third — San  Francisco. 

Thirty-fourth  to  Forty-first — Alameda. 

Forty-second — San  Mateo. 

Forty-third — Santa  Cruz. 

Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth — Santa  Clara. 

Forty-sixth — Stanislaus. 

Forty-seventh — Mariposa,  Tuolumne,  Mono  and  Inyo. 

Forty-eighth — Monterey  and  San  Benito. 

Forty-ninth — Merced  and  Madera. 

Fiftieth,  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second — Fresno. 

Fifty-third — San  Luis  Obispo. 

Fifty-fourth — Kings. 

Fifty-fifth— Tulare. 

Fifty-sixth — Kern. 

Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth — San  Bernardino. 

Fifty-ninth — Santa  Barbara. 


1  This  apportionment  of  Districts  was  made  in  December,  1911. 

43 


Sixtieth — Ventura. 

Sixty-first  to  Seventy-fifth,  inclusive — Los  Angeles. 

Seventy-sixth — Orange. 

Seventy-seventh — Riverside. 

Seventy-eighth — Imperial. 

Seventy-ninth  and  Eightieth — San  Diego. 


EQUALIZATION  DISTRICTS. 

FIRST    DISTRICT. 

The  City  and  County  of  San  Francisco. 

SECOND    DISTRICT. 

The  Counties  of  Alameda,  Alpine,  Amador,  Calaveras, 
Contra  Costa,  El  Dorado,  Nevada,  Placer,  Sacramento, 
San  Joaquin,  Tuolumne. 

THIRD    DISTRICT. 

The  Counties  of  Butte,  Colusa,  Del  Norte,  Glenn,  Hum- 
boldt,  Lake,  Lassen,  Marin,  Mendocino,  Modoc,  Napa, 
Plumas,  Shasta,  Sierra,  Siskiyou,  Solano,  Sonoma,  Sutter, 
Tehama,  Trinity,  Yolo,  Yuba. 

FOURTH   DISTRICT. 

The  Counties  of  Fresno,  Inyo,  Kern,  Kings,  Los  Ange- 
les, Madera,  Mariposa,  Merced,  Mono,  Monterey,  Orange, 
Riverside,  San  Benito,  San  Bernardino,  San  Diego,  San 
Luis  Obispo,  San  Mateo,  Santa  Barbara,  Santa  Clara, 
Santa  Cruz,  Stanislaus,  Tulare  and  Ventura. 


44 


JUDICIAL  DISTRICTS. 
FIRST  APPELLATE  DISTRICT. 

The  Counties  of  San  Francisco,  Marin,  Contra  Costa, 
Alameda,  San  Mateo,  Santa  Clara,  Fresno,  Santa  Cruz, 
Monterey,  San  Benito. 

SECOND  APPELLATE  DISTRICT. 

The  Counties  of  Tulare,  Kings,  San  Luis  Obispo,  Kern, 
Inyo,  Santa  Barbara,  Ventura,  Los  Angeles,  San  Ber- 
nardino, Orange,  Riverside,  San  Diego. 

THIRD  APPELLATE  DISTRICT. 

The  Counties  of  Del  Norte,  Siskiyou,  Modoc,  Hum- 
boldt,  Trinity,  Shasta,  Lassen,  Tehama,  Plumas,  Mendo- 
cino,  Lake,  Colusa,  Glenn,  Butte,  Sierra,  Sutter  Yuba, 
Nevada,  Sonoma,  Napa,  Yolo,  Placer,  Solano,  Sacramen- 
to, El  Dorado,  San  Joaquin,  Amador,  Calaveras,  Stan- 
islaus, Mariposa,  Madera,  Merced,  Tuolumne,  Alpine, 
Mono. 


45 


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LEGISLATIVE 


CONGRESSIONAL 


;  i  V    OF   CALIFORNIA    LI  UK  \RV 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 


10 


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